安(ān)科瑞 陳聰

 Application of power monitoring system in power distribution room Monitoring System Renovation project of Financial Information Center data Center of The People's Bank of China

摘要：采用微(wēi)機保護(hù)和(hé)多功能電(diàn)力(lì)儀(yí)表，采集變電所(suǒ)內(nèi)10KV高壓櫃的(dí)各種(zhǒng)電(diàn)參量(liáng)和開(kāi)關信號。係(xì)統采用(yòng)現場(cháng)就地組網(wǎng)的(dí)方(fāng)式，組(zǔ)網後通(tōng)過現(xiàn)場(cháng)總(zǒng)綫通訊(xùn)並遠傳至(zhì)後(hòu)台，通過(guò)Acrel-2000型電力(lì)監控係統(tǒng)實(shí)現配電所(suǒ)配電(diàn)回(huí)路用(yòng)電(diàn)的實時監控(kòng)和管(guǎn)理(lǐ)。

Abstract: Microcomputer protection and multi-function power meter are adopted to collect various electric parameters and switch signals of 10KV high voltage cabinet in the substation.

The system adopts the way of networking on site. After networking, communication is carried out through field bus and transmitted to the background remotely. Acrel-2000 type power monitoring system is used to realize real-time monitoring and management of power consumption in the distribution circuit of the distribution station.

關(guān)鍵詞(cí)：數(shù)據(jù)中心 ;雙(shuāng)機冗餘(yú)；變電所(suǒ) ;Acrel-2000;電力監控係統;

Key words: data center; Double machine redundancy; Substation; Acrel-2000; Power monitoring system;

0 概述 Overview

 中國人民(mín)銀(yín)行金(jīn)融信(xìn)息(xī)中心數據(jù)中心配(pèi)電(diàn)室位(wèi)於(yú)北京市西城區德外大(dà)街德勝(shèng)國際中心，現(xiàn)有(yǒu)電(diàn)力(lì)監(jiān)控係統已(yǐ)運行7年時間(jiān)，設備型(xíng)號老舊，經(jīng)常(cháng)死機，故障頻(pín)繁(fán)，操(cāo)作不方便(biàn)，且(qiě)備(bèi)用(yòng)主機(jī)已壞，需要(yào)進行(háng)改造。具體(tǐ)情況如下(xià)：

The power distribution room of the Data Center of the Financial Information Center of the People's Bank of China is located in Desheng International Center, Desheng Street, Xicheng District, Beijing. The existing power monitoring system has been in operation for 7 years. The equipment model is old, often crashes, frequently breaks down, and the operation is inconvenient.

The details are as follows:

配電室供電采用雙路(lù)供電(diàn)方式，共(gòng)有(yǒu)高壓櫃(guì)18個(gè)，低壓(yā)開關(guān)櫃(guì)59個(gè)，進綫櫃(guì)8個，電容控(kòng)製(zhì)櫃(guì) 6個(gè)，變(biàn)壓器8台。本(běn)次改造(zào)在(zài)不影(yǐng)響機房供電(diàn)的情況(kuàng)下(xià)更(gēng)換(huàn)配電室監控(kòng)係統的軟硬(yìng)件(jiàn)，增(zēng)加9隻環境溫濕度(dù)傳(chuán)感(gǎn)器。在(zài)數據采(cǎi)集(jí)點及(jí)采集綫(xiàn)路不(bù)改(gǎi)變的情況下改造，改(gǎi)造後可(kě)以降(jiàng)低(dī)係(xì)統的故障率(shuài)，操作更便(biàn)捷，功能更*，同(tóng)時提(tí)高了係統的安全性，穩(wěn)定(dìng)性。

There are 18 high voltage cabinets, 59 low-voltage switchgear cabinets, 8 incoming line cabinets, 6 capacitor control cabinets and 8 transformers in the distribution room.

In this renovation, the hardware and software of the monitoring system of the distribution room will be replaced without affecting the power supply of the machine room, and 9 environmental temperature and humidity sensors will be added.

In the case that the data collection point and the collection line are not changed, the reconstruction can reduce the failure rate of the system, operate more conveniently, function more perfect, and improve the security and stability of the system.

1 用(yòng)戶(hù)需求 User needs

1.對(duì)實(shí)時數據進(jìn)行(háng)統計(jì)，分析，計算，產(chǎn)生(shēng)所需(xū)的電(diàn)壓(yā)合格(gé)率，有功(gōng)，無(wú)功，電流，總負荷(hé)，功(gōng)率(shuài)因(yīn)數，電量(liáng)日/月(yuè)/年大值(zhí)，小值及時(shí)間(jiān)，日(rì)期(qī)，負荷(hé)率(shuài)，數字輸(shū)入(rù)狀態(tài)量邏輯運算值(zhí)等，設備(bèi)正(zhèng)常/異(yì)常變位次數(shù)並加(jiā)以區(qū)分等。

Conduct statistics, analysis and calculation on real-time data to generate required voltage qualification rate, active power, reactive power, current, total load, power factor, large value and small value of electric quantity daily/monthly/year, time, date, load rate, logical operation value of digital input state quantity, etc., and distinguish normal/abnormal device displacement times, etc.

2.為(wéi)了防止工控(kòng)機在運(yùn)行中出現故障要求兩(liǎng)台(tái)服務(wù)器(qì)同(tóng)時工(gōng)作(zuò)並(bìng)且(qiě)接收數(shù)據一(yī)樣(yàng)。

In order to prevent the failure of INDUSTRIAL computer in operation requires two servers to work at the same time and receive the same data.

3.為了采(cǎi)集的可(kě)靠性(xìng)本項目(mù)采用(yòng)工業網關(guān)做為(wéi)采(cǎi)集設備，本網關具(jù)有(yǒu)數據存儲功能(néng)且(qiě)具(jù)備(bèi)兩個網(wǎng)口同(tóng)時(shí)給兩台服務器(qì)轉(zhuǎn)發數據(jù)。當其(qí)中一(yī)個網(wǎng)關有故障(zhàng)時(shí)隻需(xū)要把(bǎ)采(cǎi)集端子(zǐ)更換到另外(wài)一(yī)台(tái)備用(yòng)網關即可。

In order to improve the reliability of collection, this project adopts the industrial gateway as the collection equipment. This gateway has data storage function and two network ports to forward data to two servers at the same time.

When one of the gateways is out of order, it is only necessary to replace the acquisition terminal to another standby gateway.

4.全(quán)數據備份(fèn)，能(néng)夠將(jiāng)數據庫中所有(yǒu)信息備(bèi)份；

Full data backup, able to backup all information in the database;

5.定(dìng)時自動備(bèi)份，能(néng)夠(gòu)設(shè)定(dìng)自動(dòng)備份周(zhōu)期，對(duì)數據(jù)庫進(jìn)行(háng)自動備份(fèn)；

Timing automatic backup, automatic backup cycle can be set, automatic backup of the database;

6. 歷史數據(jù)恢(huī)復(fù)，能夠依(yī)據歷(lì)史數據備份(fèn)文件進行(háng)歷(lì)史(shǐ)數據(jù)恢(huī)復；

Historical data recovery, historical data recovery can be carried out according to the historical data backup files;

2 係統(tǒng)方案 System solutions

本(běn)項目(mù)客(kè)戶(hù)關(guān)心(xīn)的是係統的穩(wěn)定(dìng)性及安全性，要求係統和(hé)網絡做雙機冗餘處(chǔ)理，保(bǎo)障數據(jù)的(dí)安(ān)全性。在雙網冗餘係(xì)統中(zhōng)，主機和從機都(dū)使用兩個網(wǎng)絡(luò)適(shì)配(pèi)器，並分(fēn)配(pèi)在兩(liǎng)個(gè)不(bù)同的網段，主(zhǔ)/從(cóng)機(jī)之間(jiān)存在(zài)兩個網絡(luò)連接。兩(liǎng)個網絡(luò)互為備用，可(kě)保證主/從(cóng)機之間(jiān)的(dí)可靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信。雙(shuāng)網(wǎng)冗(rǒng)餘係統的切換邏輯與單(dān)網(wǎng)冗(rǒng)餘係(xì)統的(dí)區(qū)別就是在主/從機(jī)之間探詢(xún)對方狀態(tài)時增加了活動(dòng)網絡與備(bèi)用網絡的切換。以備份站探(tàn)詢(xún)活(huó)動站狀(zhuàng)態為(wéi)例(lì)：當(dāng)備份(fèn)站通(tōng)過活(huó)動網(wǎng)絡(luò)向活動站(zhàn)發送(sòng)探(tàn)詢命令，如果發現(xiàn)沒(méi)有(yǒu)得到活(huó)動(dòng)站(zhàn)在規定時間內的正確(què)應(yīng)答，備份(fèn)站並不立即將(jiāng)活動站判(pàn)斷為(wéi)故障站，而(ér)是(shì)自(zì)動切換到(dào)備(bèi)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)再(zài)次向(xiàng)活動站發(fā)送探(tàn)詢(xún)命(mìng)令(líng)。如(rú)果備用網絡通信(xìn)正常，則(zé)將備(bèi)用(yòng)網(wǎng)絡切(qiē)換為活(huó)動(dòng)網絡，並將故障的(dí)網絡狀態(tài)在(zài)報(bào)警信息(xī)中顯(xiǎn)示(shì)出來(lái)。

The client of this project is concerned about the stability and security of the system, and requires the system and network to do double-machine redundancy processing to ensure the security of data.

In a dual-network redundant system, both the host and the slave use two network adapters and are assigned to two different network segments, with two network connections between the master and slave.

The two networks are mutually standby to ensure reliable network communication between master and slave.

The difference between dual network redundancy system and single network redundancy system is that the switch between active network and standby network is increased when the master/slave machine is inquiring the state of each other.

For example, when the backup station sends a query command to the active station through the active network, if it is found that the active station does not receive the correct response within the specified time, the backup station does not immediately judge the active station as a failure station, but automatically switches to the standby network and sends the query command to the active station again.

If the standby network communication is normal, the standby network is switched to an active network and the state of the failed network is displayed in the alarm message.

係(xì)統(tǒng)結(jié)構拓(tuò)撲(pū)圖 System structure topology diagram

2.1 站控(kòng)管(guǎn)理(lǐ)層Station Control management

站控管(guǎn)理(lǐ)層針(zhēn)對(duì)電力監(jiān)控係(xì)統(tǒng)的管(guǎn)理(lǐ)人員，是人機交互的直接窗(chuāng)口。站控管理(lǐ)設備設置在數(shù)據中心地下(xià)一(yī)層(céng)配電(diàn)值班室內。

The station control management is the direct window of human-computer interaction for the managers of power monitoring system.

The station control management equipment is set in the distribution duty room on the ground floor of the data center.

2.2 網絡通(tōng)訊(xùn)層(céng)Network communication layer

通訊層(céng)主(zhǔ)要是由(yóu)以(yǐ)總綫網絡組(zǔ)成(chéng)。總綫(xiàn)網絡(luò)的主要(yào)功(gōng)能是(shì)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)場微(wēi)機(jī)保(bǎo)護與(yǔ)站控(kòng)管理層(céng)之間(jiān)的(dí)數(shù)據(jù)交(jiāo)互，使配電係(xì)統管理(lǐ)集中(zhōng)化(huà)，信息化，智(zhì)能(néng)化(huà)，很(hěn)大提(tí)高了(liǎo)配(pèi)電(diàn)係統的安全(quán)性(xìng)，可(kě)靠(kào)性(xìng)和(hé)穩(wěn)定性，達(dá)到(dào)了(liǎo)無人值(zhí)守(shǒu)的目的。

The communication layer is mainly composed of bus network.

The main function of the bus network is to realize the data interaction between the field microcomputer protection and the station control management, make the distribution system management centralized, informationized and intelligent, greatly improve the security, reliability and stability of the distribution system, and achieve the purpose of unattended.

2.3 現場設備層(céng)Field equipment layer

現場設(shè)備層是(shì)數(shù)據采集終端(duān)，智(zhì)能(néng)設備通(tōng)過屏蔽雙(shuāng)絞(jiǎo)綫RS485接(jiē)口，采(cǎi)用(yòng)MODBUS通訊協(xié)議總綫連接(jiē)接入監控主(zhǔ)機進行(háng)組網(wǎng)，實現遠程(chéng)控製。

The field equipment layer is the data acquisition terminal. The intelligent equipment connects to the monitoring host through the screened twisted pair RS485 interface and uses the MODBUS communication protocol bus to network and realize remote control.

3 係(xì)統功能 System function

係統(tǒng)人(rén)機(jī)界麵(miàn)友好(hǎo)，以配電一(yī)次圖的形(xíng)式(shì)直(zhí)觀顯(xiǎn)示配(pèi)電綫(xiàn)路(lù)的(dí)運行狀態(tài)，實時(shí)監(jiān)測各回(huí)路電壓(yā)，電(diàn)流，功率(shuài)，功(gōng)率因數，電(diàn)能等電(diàn)參(cān)數信息，動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)視各配電回(huí)路(lù)斷(duàn)路器，隔離開關，地(dì)刀等(děng)合，分(fēn)狀態，以(yǐ)及(jí)有關故(gù)障，告(gào)警等信號。

System friendly man-machine interface, visual display in the form of distribution a figure running state of distribution line, real-time monitoring of voltage, current, power, power factor of each circuit, power electric parameters, such as information, dynamic monitoring power distribution circuit breaker, isolating switch, knife, such as state, as well as related to failure, the alarm signal.

在(zài)配(pèi)電(diàn)一次圖中，當鼠標(biāo)移(yí)動到每(měi)個回路附(fù)近時，鼠(shǔ)標指針變(biàn)為手形，鼠標(biāo)單擊可查(chá)看(kàn)該(gāi)回(huí)路詳細電(diàn)參(cān)量(liáng)，包(bāo)括三相電(diàn)流，三(sān)相電(diàn)壓(yā)，三相(xiāng)總有(yǒu)功功(gōng)率，總無(wú)功(gōng)功率，總(zǒng)功率(shuài)因數，正(zhèng)向(xiàng)有功電(diàn)能(néng)，並(bìng)可以查(chá)看(kàn)24小時(shí)相電(diàn)流趨(qū)勢(shì)曲(qū)綫(xiàn)及24小(xiǎo)時電(diàn)壓趨(qū)勢(shì)曲(qū)綫。

Once in power distribution diagram, when the mouse moves to near each loop, the mouse pointer to hand form, the mouse click to view the loop electric parameter in detail, including three phase current, three-phase voltage, three-phase total active power, reactive power, power factor, positive active power, 24 hours and you can view the current trend curve and voltage trend curve 24 hours a day.

係統(tǒng)具有實時電(diàn)力(lì)參(cān)數和歷史電(diàn)力參(cān)數的存儲和管理功(gōng)能(néng)，所(suǒ)有實時采集(jí)的(dí)數(shù)據，順序事(shì)件(jiàn)記(jì)錄等均(jūn)可保存到數據(jù)庫(kù)，在(zài)查(chá)詢界(jiè)麵(miàn)中(zhōng)能(néng)夠自定義需(xū)要(yào)查詢的參(cān)數，相(xiāng)應時(shí)間(jiān)或(huò)選擇(zé)查(chá)詢近(jìn)期(qī)更(gēng)新(xīn)的(dí)記(jì)錄(lù)數據等(děng)，並(bìng)通(tōng)過報表(biǎo)方(fāng)式(shì)顯示(shì)出(chū)來(lái)。用(yòng)戶(hù)可以根(gēn)據(jù)需(xū)要定製(zhì)運(yùn)行日(rì)報，月(yuè)報(bào)，支(zhī)持導出Excel格式文件，還可以根(gēn)據(jù)用戶要求導(dǎo)出(chū)PDF格(gé)式文(wén)件。

System has real-time power parameters and the historical power storage and management functions, all the real time acquisition of data, order the event log can be saved to the database, such as in the query interface to the custom need to query parameters, specified time or select query recent update record data, etc., and displayed by way of the report.

Users can customize daily and monthly reports to support the export of Excel format files, and can also export PDF format files according to user requirements.

係統(tǒng)以(yǐ)豐(fēng)富的報表(biǎo)體支撐(chēng)量(liáng)體(tǐ)係的(dí)完整性。係(xì)統具備(bèi)定時抄表匯總統計功能(néng)，用戶可(kě)以(yǐ)自由查詢自(zì)係統正常運行以來任(rèn)意時(shí)間段內各配電節點的用電(diàn)情況，即(jí)該節(jié)點進綫用電量(liáng)與(yǔ)各分(fēn)支(zhī)回路(lù)消(xiāo)耗(hào)電(diàn)量(liáng)的統計(jì)分(fēn)析報(bào)表。該功(gōng)能(néng)使(shǐ)得(dé)用(yòng)電可(kě)視(shì)透明，並在用(yòng)電(diàn)誤差(chà)偏大時(shí)可(kě)分析追(zhuī)溯，維(wéi)護(hù)計量體係的(dí)正(zhèng)確性。

The system supports the integrity of the system with rich report volume.

The system has the function of timing meter reading and summary statistics. Users can freely inquire the electricity consumption of each distribution node in any time period since the normal operation of the system, that is, the statistical analysis report of the power consumption of the node's incoming line and the power consumption of each branch loop.

This function makes the electricity visible and transparent, and can be analyzed and traced when the electricity error is large, so as to maintain the accuracy of the measurement system.

係(xì)統(tǒng)通訊(xùn)結構(gòu)示意(yì)圖(tú)，主要顯示(shì)係(xì)統(tǒng)的(dí)組(zǔ)網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)，係統采(cǎi)用分(fēn)層(céng)分布式結構，同(tóng)時監測間(jiān)隔層(céng)設備的(dí)通(tōng)信(xìn)狀態。紅(hóng)色表(biǎo)示(shì)通訊正(zhèng)常(cháng)，綠色(sè)表示通(tōng)訊(xùn)異常。

The communication structure diagram of the system mainly shows the network structure of the system. The system adopts a hierarchical and distributed structure and monitors the communication state of the equipment in the interval layer at the same time.

Red indicates normal communication, and green indicates abnormal communication.

係(xì)統能夠對(duì)遙信變(biàn)位，保(bǎo)護動作，事故跳閘，以及電(diàn)壓(yā)，電流(liú)，功率，功率因數越(yuè)限等事件記(jì)錄進行(háng)存儲和管理(lǐ)，方便用(yòng)戶對係(xì)統事件和報警(jǐng)進行歷(lì)史(shǐ)追(zhuī)溯，查(chá)詢統(tǒng)計，事故(gù)分析。

The system can store and manage the records of remote signal dislocations, protective actions, accident tripping, voltage, current, power, power factor off-limits and other events, so as to make it convenient for users to trace the history of system events and alarms, query statistics and accident analysis.

4  結(jié)束(shù)語(yǔ)conclusion

本(běn)項(xiàng)目客(kè)戶是(shì)中國人(rén)民銀行數據中心(xīn)配電室，客戶關(guān)心的是(shì)係統(tǒng)設(shè)備的(dí)穩(wěn)定性(xìng)及數(shù)據的完(wán)整性。項目(mù)中使用(yòng)的(dí)ACREL2000電力監(jiān)控(kòng)係(xì)統(tǒng)具有(yǒu)雙機冗餘(yú)功能，兩(liǎng)個(gè)網(wǎng)絡互為(wéi)備(bèi)用(yòng)，可保證(zhèng)主(zhǔ)/從機之間的可(kě)靠(kào)網(wǎng)絡通(tōng)信。係(xì)統具(jù)有(yǒu)定(dìng)時自動備份(fèn)，能夠設(shè)定(dìng)自動(dòng)備份周期。歷史數(shù)據恢(huī)復，能(néng)夠(gòu)依據歷史(shǐ)數據備(bèi)份(fèn)文(wén)件(jiàn)進(jìn)行歷(lì)史(shǐ)數(shù)據(jù)恢復。

The client of this project is the power distribution room of the data center of the People's Bank of China. What the client cares about is the stability of the system equipment and the integrity of the data.

The ACREL2000 power monitoring system used in the project has the redundancy function of two machines, and the two networks are standby for each other, which can guarantee the reliable network communication between master and slave machines.

The system has timing automatic backup, can set the automatic backup cycle.

Historical data recovery, can be based on the historical data backup files for historical data recovery.

參考(kǎo)文(wén)獻 Bibliography

1.Solutions For Enterprise Micro-grid System 2020.02